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X-Ray Crystallography
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X-ray photographs of metals are a means of providing information
which in many cases cannot be obtained by microscopic methods. The
lines produced by each element, or phase are characteristic, and
their general pattern enables the crystalline structure to be
identified. The scale of the pattern can be used to determine
accurately the size of the unit cell and, therefore, the distance
apart of the individual atoms. From the relative intensity of the
lines it is possible to deduce the distribution throughout the unit
cell, the various types of atoms in an alloy or the degree of
preferred orientation in the material. |